Wular Lake in Kashmir, noted as the largest freshwater lake in India, caught my attention long ago in a school textbook. Back then, it was one of those intriguing facts that I hoped to experience firsthand. As I grew older, this fact stayed with me, and it wasn’t until my first visit to Kashmir that I finally had the chance to see this remarkable lake.
The Majestic Wular Lake
During my initial visit to Kashmir, I missed out on seeing Wular Lake. After completing the Amarnath Yatra, we headed towards Ladakh. Determined to visit this iconic lake on my second trip, I was filled with a sense of excitement, eager to see a place I had long dreamed about. Have you ever felt this way, or am I just an eager traveler?
After exploring Srinagar, Aru Valley, Gulmarg, and the lesser-known spots like Yusmarg and Doodhpathri, we were finally set to visit Wular Lake. We planned to stop by Manasbal Lake along the way.
Where is Wular Lake?
Wular Lake is situated in the Bandipora district of Jammu and Kashmir, approximately 50 km northwest of Srinagar. At an altitude of 1580 meters, the lake is surrounded by picturesque mountain peaks and has been celebrated for its beauty by many writers.
Reflection of the Mountains on Wular Lake
Wular Lake regulates the flow of the Jhelum River that traverses it. The town of Sopore is located on its southwestern shore, while a northeastern island features 15th-century ruins.
The Size of Wular Lake
Wular Lake stretches 16 km in length and 10 km in width, though these dimensions fluctuate with seasonal changes and varying water levels. The lake’s maximum depth reaches 14 meters.
History of Wular Lake
Legend has it that Kashmir was once covered by vast water bodies called Satisaras (named after Sati, the consort of Lord Shiva). The mythological Rishi Kashyap drained these waters by creating an opening in the hills near Varahamula. The name Kashmir is derived from Rishi Kashyap, who was the manasputra of Lord Brahma.
The lake was once known for its rising waves, which is reflected in its Sanskrit name “Ullola.” Over time, this evolved into Wular or Wullar.
Encroachments on the Wular Lake
Wular Lake’s area decreased from 217 sq km in 1911 to 86 sq km by 2007 due to encroachments for agriculture, plantations, and habitation, leading to several ecological issues.
Importance of Wular Lake in the Ecology of Kashmir
Wular Lake plays a critical role in the hydrographic system of the Kashmir Valley. Formed by tectonic activity, it is a major water source for the Jhelum River and a significant basin for absorbing annual floodwaters. It also supports various local water bodies like Bohnar, Erin, Madamati, and Ningal.
The lake and its wetlands are crucial habitats for migratory birds, including the Egret, Shoveler, Common Pochard, Mallard, Marbled Teal, Monal Pheasant, Himalayan Pied Woodpecker, Himalayan Golden Eagle, Alpine Swift, and more.
Our Visit to Wular Lake
We set off from Srinagar early for Wulaar Lake. Although we first stopped at Manasbal Lake, we couldn’t visit the Manasbal Eco Park as it was closed. We proceeded to Wular Lake with high anticipation.
Traveling through Sopore, we marveled at the apple blossoms—a new sight for me, having previously only seen apples. We continued to Bandipora and finally glimpsed the majestic Wular Lake. I was so eager that I asked our friend Aarif to stop the car for a better view.
Despite Aarif’s assurance of a better viewpoint, we encountered disappointment when the Wular Park was also closed. This small park, managed by the J & K Tourism Department, offered a great view of the lake but was inaccessible that day. Aarif, however, promised a more spectacular viewpoint, demonstrating the value of having a knowledgeable local guide.
Reflection of the Mountain Peaks at the Lake
Aarif took us on a scenic drive around the lake’s perimeter, revealing various villages and the effects of encroachments. Witnessing the lake’s shrinking size due to human activities was disheartening.
Eventually, Aarif brought us to a cliff near Watlab in Sopore. The view was indeed breathtaking, with the blue waters of Wolar Lake reflecting the majestic Mt. Harmukh. The serenity of the spot made me wish we could stay longer. After enjoying the vistas, we visited the shrine of Baba Shukur-ud-din.
Shrine of Baba Shukur-ud-din
Located on a hillock near Watlab, this shrine was one of the most peaceful places we visited. Baba Shukur-ud-din, a revered Sufi saint and disciple of Nund Rishi, was known for his miracles and guidance.
Wular Lake faces severe threats due to human activities and government neglect. Willow plantations, initially intended to aid locals, have worsened the lake’s condition by depleting water levels. Encroachments for agriculture and habitation, alongside pollution and invasive weeds, have significantly reduced the lake’s size and ecosystem.
What Does It Mean for the Valley?
The decline of Wular Lake impacts the Kashmir Valley’s water ecology. As the lake’s depth decreases and its natural absorption capacity is obstructed by human activities, the region faces increased flood risks, as witnessed in the 2014 and 2018 floods.
How to Reach Wular Lake?
To visit Wolar Lake, start by reaching Srinagar. From there, you can hire a car or, if on a budget, take a local bus to Sopore and then hire a car. Local transport in Kashmir is limited, making a car hire the most convenient option.
Are There Places to Stay Near Wular Lake?
During our search, we found no accommodations directly around Wular Lake. There was a hotel nearby, but it was not open to guests at the time.
